Re: Earth 9700 BC

[Ken McClellan]

See this article.

or

GROWING PERIL FOR ASTRONAUTS? NASA's successful test flight of Orion on Dec. 5th heralds a renewed capability to send astronauts into deep space. A paper just published in the journal Space Weather, however, points out a growing peril to future deep space explorers: cosmic rays. The title of the article, penned by Nathan Schwadron of the University of New Hampshire and colleagues from seven other institutions, asks the provocative question, "Does the worsening galactic cosmic ray environment preclude manned deep space exploration?" Using data from a cosmic ray telescope onboard NASA's Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter, they conclude that while increasing fluxes of cosmic rays "are not a show stopper for long duration missions (e.g., to the Moon, an asteroid, or Mars), galactic cosmic radiation remains a significant and worsening factor that limits mission durations." This figure from their paper shows the number of days a 30 year old astronaut can spend in interplanetary space before they reach their career limit in radiation exposure:

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According to the plot, in the year 2014, a 30 year old male flying in a spaceship with 10 g/cm2 of aluminum shielding could spend approximately 700 days in deep space before they reach their radiation dose limit. The same astronaut in the early 1990s could have spent 1000 days in space.

What's going on? Cosmic rays are intensifying. Galactic cosmic rays are a mixture of high-energy photons and subatomic particles accelerated to near-light speed by violent events such as supernova explosions. Astronauts are protected from cosmic rays in part by the sun: solar magnetic fields and the solar wind combine to create a porous 'shield' that fends off energetic particles from outside the solar system. The problem is, as the authors note, "The sun and its solar wind are currently exhibiting extremely low densities and magnetic field strengths, representing states that have never been observed during the Space Age. As a result of the remarkably weak solar activity, we have also observed the highest fluxes of cosmic rays in the Space Age."

The shielding action of the sun is strongest during solar maximum and weakest during solar minimum--hence the 11-year rhythm of the mission duration plot. At the moment we are experiencing Solar Max, which should be a good time for astronauts to fly--but it's not a good time. The solar maximum of 2011-2014 is the weakest in a century, allowing unusual numbers of cosmic rays to penetrate the solar system.

This situation could become even worse if, as some researchers suspect, the sun is entering a long-term phase of the solar cycle characterized by relatively weak maxima and deep, extended minima. In such a future, feeble solar magnetic fields would do an extra-poor job keeping cosmic rays at bay, further reducing the number of days astronauts can travel far from Earth.

[Ken McClellan]

There is a five-Precession cycle noted by scientists and the Aztecs, who called it the Earthquake Sun.  When the core blows, the Sun dims at the same time the skies cloud up.  So our solar scientists thinking we're headed into a Dalton or Maunder Minimum are freaking optimists.

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[Monk (in hiding)]

lol - Little Ice Age......

I've been saying this, yet I'm a DENIER.

[Ken McClellan]

When the commie clowns figured out the world wasn't warming up per their narrative, they trotted out the "climate change" as soon as their nobel prize winning politicians could extract their toes from their teeth.

[Monk (in hiding)]

Carbon tax.... lsol

[Rockhopper]

When the commie clowns figured out the world wasn't warming up per their narrative, they trotted out the "climate change" as soon as their nobel prize winning politicians could extract their toes from their teeth.

"Commie Clowns" LOL    Most Yanks wouldn't a "Commie" if he got up and slapped them.

The Solar radiation is a problem for inter space travel and a way is needed to protect the crew from it. 

Earthquake sun! Hmmmm! That's like saying "Earthquake Weather"! Do a search for Ken Ring, NZ, he's into that stuff.

Tim.

[Agartha]

Of course climate change has always happened but there is no denying we are pumping a lot of CO2 into the atmosphere and that we are killing our beautiful planet with our fuel searching obsession.

Climate change has been proven true, I remember reading that the ice data in Vostok Antarctica showed ice ages that lasted even 90000 years, whilst warming a lot less, most warming periods lasted aprox. 12000 years but one lasted almost 50000!

BUT we cannot deny that there is a global warming going on, in Europe we had the warmest September/ October and November in history!!

[Lenzabi]

Of course climate change has always happened but there is no denying we are pumping a lot of CO2 into the atmosphere and that we are killing our beautiful planet with our fuel searching obsession.

Climate change has been proven true, I remember reading that the ice data in Vostok Antarctica showed ice ages that lasted even 90000 years, whilst warming a lot less, most warming periods lasted aprox. 12000 years but one lasted almost 50000!

BUT we cannot deny that there is a global warming going on, in Europe we had the warmest September/ October and November in history!!

Oh the planet has survived many a climate change and it will do so again Ags, what Humanity is speeding up is the demise of the biosphere the Earth provided i which so many Oxygen/Nitrogen breathers inhabit., Next atmosphere once things recalibrate may be a methane/carbon mixture, maybe cooler, maybe hotter, it has swung about when too much of an imbalance occurred, when there was too much Oxygen we had the giant trees, as well as the over-sized insects, 12ft long millipedes, spiders as big as your head, dragonflies as big as hawks, we have been devouring the oil from the layers in which that era existed came from.

[Rockhopper]

I agree Ags. The science has been conclusively proven now. The few Contrarians are getting fewer by the day.

Most of the heat lately has been going into the polar regions causing the jetstream to change course and that is pushing the very cold air down over the nth east of the US. Whilst Europe has had the hottest temps known.

It's disrupting the flows of jetstreams over the South Pole too. Causing the big dry in Aussie and Sth America. The Katebatic winds over Antarctica are changing direction too and increasing in intensity.

Tim.

[Monk (in hiding)]

Been no temperate increase in the lower 48 states since the late 1800's. Just up and down and so on.

[Rockhopper]

Been no temperate increase in the lower 48 states since the late 1800's. Just up and down and so on.

Sez you!

The info says the contrary, if you choose to ignore it that's your choice.

Tim.

[Monk (in hiding)]

Been no temperate increase in the lower 48 states since the late 1800's. Just up and down and so on.

Sez you!

The info says the contrary, if you choose to ignore it that's your choice.

Tim.

rockie, you have a short memory, more than once I've shown you the historical data.

For a man of science, you seem to base your facts on nothing but jibberish, why is that rockie?

Are you a man of blind faith?

Want me to post the facts once more.

Go plug in the data and see your charts rockie.

Climate at a Glance

All 48 states, average temps, July, 1901/2000



Nothing very alarming?

Just did a plot for All 48 states, average temps, December, 1901/2000



Nothing very alarming?

Check it out r....... -> http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/cag/time-series

Refreshing your memory rock...

[Rockhopper]

Gosh VM/Omega you are a very funny man. Have you ever thought of a career as a stand-up comic? Better still, a career as a Politician would suit you better!

I have repeatedly pointed out to you that cherry-picking data is a non plus.
You need to read and study ALL THE DATA, not just bits of it. The data shows a steady increase in temperature since the 1850's. Caused by an increase of CO2. The CO2 is coming from fossil fuels as has been proven.

The physics behind all of the data is well-known, well-proven and well researched. The Contrarians constantly cherry-pick the data to suit their particular barrow. Give it a rest mate.

Tim.

[Rockhopper]

I realise that it's hard for you to get your head around all this info but do try.

Ninety-seven percent of climate scientists agree that climate-warming trends over the past century are very likely due to human activities,1and most of the leading scientific organizations worldwide have issued public statements endorsing this position. The following is a partial list of these organizations, along with links to their published statements and a selection of related resources.

A list of Organisations involved with the SCIENCE!!

American Association for the Advancement of Science

"The scientific evidence is clear: global climate change caused by human activities is occurring now, and it is a growing threat to society." (2006)3

American Chemical Society

"Comprehensive scientific assessments of our current and potential future climates clearly indicate that climate change is real, largely attributable to emissions from human activities, and potentially a very serious problem." (2004)4

American Geophysical Union

"Human‐induced climate change requires urgent action. Humanity is the major influence on the global climate change observed over the past 50 years. Rapid societal responses can significantly lessen negative outcomes." (Adopted 2003, revised and reaffirmed 2007, 2012, 2013)5

American Medical Association

"Our AMA ... supports the findings of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change’s fourth assessment report and concurs with the scientific consensus that the Earth is undergoing adverse global climate change and that anthropogenic contributions are significant." (2013)6

American Meteorological Society

"It is clear from extensive scientific evidence that the dominant cause of the rapid change in climate of the past half century is human-induced increases in the amount of atmospheric greenhouse gases, including carbon dioxide (CO2), chlorofluorocarbons, methane, and nitrous oxide." (2012)7

American Physical Society

"The evidence is incontrovertible: Global warming is occurring. If no mitigating actions are taken, significant disruptions in the Earth’s physical and ecological systems, social systems, security and human health are likely to occur. We must reduce emissions of greenhouse gases beginning now." (2007)8

The Geological Society of America

"The Geological Society of America (GSA) concurs with assessments by the National Academies of Science (2005), the National Research Council (2006), and the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC, 2007) that global climate has warmed and that human activities (mainly greenhouse‐gas emissions) account for most of the warming since the middle 1900s." (2006; revised 2010)9

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These are just some of the eminent societies which know what they are talking about. There are hundreds more.

You see, I'm not a mouthpiece for the Koch Bros et al mate. I also stay away from fringe sites unless I want a bloody good laugh. Just because it's on the Internet doesn't make the statements true which is why it is imperative to always check up on the site owners and what their agenda is.

The above organisations must, by your reckoning, have some kind of insidious design on the world.

How do we know the Earth's climate is warming?

Thousands of land and ocean temperature measurements are recorded each day around the globe. This includes measurements from climate reference stations, weather stations, ships, buoys and autonomous gliders in the oceans. These surface measurements are also supplemented with satellite measurements. These measurements are processed, examined for random and systematic errors, and then finally combined to produce a time series of global average temperature change. A number of agencies around the world have produced datasets of global-scale changes in surface temperature using different techniques to process the data and remove measurement errors that could lead to false interpretations of temperature trends. The warming trend that is apparent in all of the independent methods of calculating global temperature change is also confirmed by other independent observations, such as the melting of mountain glaciers on every continent, reductions in the extent of snow cover, earlier blooming of plants in spring, a shorter ice season on lakes and rivers, ocean heat content, reduced arctic sea ice, and rising sea levels.

From your own NOAA site  http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/indicators/

Tim.

[Monk (in hiding)]

UNFRIEND...

[Monk (in hiding)]

Of course climate change has always happened but there is no denying we are pumping a lot of CO2 into the atmosphere and that we are killing our beautiful planet with our fuel searching obsession.

Climate change has been proven true, I remember reading that the ice data in Vostok Antarctica showed ice ages that lasted even 90000 years, whilst warming a lot less, most warming periods lasted aprox. 12000 years but one lasted almost 50000!

BUT we cannot deny that there is a global warming going on, in Europe we had the warmest September/ October and November in history!!

Global warming? No, actually we're cooling, claim scientists


There has been a 29 per cent increase in the amount of ocean covered with ice compared to this time last year, the equivalent of 533,000 square miles.

In a rebound from 2012's record low, an unbroken ice sheet more than half the size of Europe already stretches from the Canadian islands to Russia's northern shores, days before the annual re-freeze is even set to begin.

The Northwest Passage from the Atlantic to the Pacific had remained blocked by pack-ice all year, forcing some ships to change their routes.

One ship has now managed to pass through, completing its journey on September 27.

A leaked report to the UN Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) seen by the Mail on Sunday, has led some scientists to claim that the world is heading for a period of cooling that will not end until the middle of this century.


http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/earth/environment/climatechange/10294082/Global-warming-No-actually-were-cooling-claim-scientists.html

[Agartha]

'No name' sorry but your article is outdated (2013). This year's arctic summer was the hottest in record with the arctic sea ice at its lowest level ever!

http://science.nasa.gov/science-news/science-at-nasa/2014/22sep_seaice/

[Monk (in hiding)]

Funny how things can change within 1 years time. Cycles of nature, no?

One year 29 per cent increase in the amount of ocean covered with ice and the next year's arctic summer the hottest in record with the arctic sea ice at its lowest level ever!

lsol

[Agartha]

Funny how things can change within 1 years time. Cycles of nature, no?

One year 29 per cent increase in the amount of ocean covered with ice and the next year's arctic summer the hottest in record with the arctic sea ice at its lowest level ever!

lsol

Actually according to satellite the amount of ocean covered with ice in 2013 was very low too:

After an unusually cold summer in the northernmost latitudes, Arctic sea ice appears to have reached its annual minimum summer extent for 2013 on Sept. 13, the NASA-supported National Snow and Ice Data Center (NSIDC) at the University of Colorado in Boulder has reported. Analysis of satellite data by NSIDC and NASA showed that the sea ice extent shrunk to 1.97 million square miles (5.10 million square kilometers).

http://www.nasa.gov/content/goddard/arctic-sea-ice-minimum-in-2013-is-sixth-lowest-on-record/#.VIhn-Hv0SBE

[Monk (in hiding)]

Someone is talking BS?

Climate change 'scientists’ are just another pressure group


Last weekend, something very odd happened. On Friday we were told that in Stockholm the UN’s Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (the IPCC) had published a report saying that it was now “extremely likely” that the world faces disastrous man-made climate change. But this was merely a “summary” for politicians and the media of a scientific report that was not published until three days later.


We then learnt that this “Summary for Policymakers” had been argued over for days and sleepless nights by hundreds of politicians, officials and scientists, but, weirdly, that the scientific report it supposedly summarised had subsequently been amended to bring it into line with the summary. One obvious change from previous drafts was the marked downplaying of any reference to how, in recent years, global temperatures have so notably failed to rise as the IPCC’s computer models predicted.


http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/earth/environment/climatechange/10356276/Climate-change-scientists-are-just-another-pressure-group.html

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